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Management education as a separate
discipline emerged in 1881, when
Wharton School of Finance and Commerce came into existence at the University
of Pennsylvania, USA. It took another 17 years for the next two
schools to be established at the Universities of California and Chicago.
The Harvard Business School started operating in 1908. Thereafter, the growth of business
Schools was rapid and by 1925, there were some 118-business schools in the USA.
India took a lead in the management education, with the Indian Institute of Social Welfare
and Business Management, Calcutta offering postgraduate diploma in 1954 itself.
The contact of the Indian elite with western management culture had grown because
some individuals received education in western institutions and also because western
literature was becoming increasingly available in
India facilitated by the Government's liberal policy
on this subject. In the context of this awareness,
the Government began to move towards promoting management education in the country.
A beginning in the promotion of management education was made in 1953, when
AICTE adopted a program for the promotion of
business education in India. Accordingly, a Board
of Management studies was set up in 1954 under AICTE to lay down standards of
management education, coordinate management
education facilities and guide the government in
promoting management education facilities and
providing management education institutions with
financial assistance. The Board of Management
Studies selected six-reputed institution of higher
learning to introduce courses in business management
in industrial administration and general management. Universities were encouraged
to launch part-time courses in business management for practicing managers, while institutions
of science and technology were helped to start programs in industrial engineering and
industrial administration. The Indian Institute of
Science introduced a new department of industrial administration. A new
National Institute for Training in Industrial Engineering was set up
in 1961. This institution gradually broadened its scope to include management development
and education through executive programs.
At the same time, American educationists and diplomats developed an interest in helping
India in the field of professional management and management development against the
background of growing American economic and social assistance programs for developing countries.
It was realized that the main purpose of foreign
aid could be served only if there was enough
trained and committed managerial manpower within
the recipient countries. In this context, Ford foundation played a crucial role in
promoting management education in India. |
