Knowledge
Management (KM) is considered to be a major focus area in
knowledge and learning industry, especially in software
industry in the fast growing competitive world. Almost all
the softwares, multinationals and developers, are making
efforts to reduce cost and time for the decision making
process with the use of knowledge. The sector captures the
knowledge (tacit and explicit) which is used in problem
solving in the future. Discussing software industry further,
the knowledge workers develop and ascertain various aspects
regarding the technological process resulting in valuable
output. The KM development and sharing helps the organization
to develop group dynamics and group activity in a systematic
way giving the end product. The transfer and the management
of the knowledge should be emphasized in an organization
to create competitive advantage. The use of knowledge from
various levels, and transfer from one level to another,
should be developed. The organization consists of major
enterprises and individual knowledge, which they transfer
from one generation to another. Enterprise knowledge is
an explicit form of knowledge which can be retrieved by
the new employees at different levels, time and functional
situations. Individual knowledge as tacit form of knowledge,
differs from employee to employee and function to function.
This paper suggests various types of Knowledge Transfer
(KT) models which an organization uses for the transfer
of both tacit and explicit knowledge.
Since
many years, knowledge workers and researchers are looking
for the transfer of knowledge to the successive groups of
employees in a form which reduces time and cost. The Knowledge
Transfer (KT) and its management, takes time and is also
expensive. Upon utilization, the cost reduces and it become
advantageous. The organization, especially knowledge industry,
gets maximum benefits during the regular problem solving
and decision making process. An organization depends on
various factors, among which human resources act as one
of the most important aspects of the sector. Human resource,
in an organization, is capable of handling and maintaining
the idea of instant and wise decision based on knowledge
and other factors like environment. Value is often represented
by the use of expensive Knowledge Management Systems (KMSs)
(Boisot, 1998; Davenport and Prusak, 1998; and Osterloh
and Frey, 2000). Discussing software sector, the knowledge
worker develops and ascertains various aspects about the
technological process, resulting in valuable output. Software
product development is a process, in which group dynamics
and group activity occur in a systematic way, giving the
end product. If the phases get disturbed in between, the
overall efforts becomes a waste. The transfer of knowledge
or code from one member to another, helps the organization
to earn revenue and gain advantages. In a knowledge-intensive
working environment, knowledge creation, as the source of
sustainable competitive advantage, has become widespread
among practitioners as well as researchers (Nonaka, 1991;
and Nonaka and Konno, 1998). During the process of each
decision, development and activity are to be captured and
stored to be used by the subordinates and new employees. |
