The 18th-century European philosophers had it correct.They
used the word political economy. This phrase was later shortened in
the 19th century to simply economics.
But the phrase political economy is, in many ways, more exact, because it
includes the concept that any economy exists within a framework of laws and
those laws were determined by the politics of the country.
For the laws of a given country to create a reserve currency, those laws
must provide the most important element necessary for a reserve currency.
That element is trust. Any paper currency is in essence a contract, a debt, a
promissory note. It is a contract between the holder of the currency and the
government that issues it. Its value depends upon the trust that the bearer has in
the ability and determination of the issuing government to adhere to the contract
by preserving the value.
The dollar is not the reserve currency necessarily because of the size
of the US economy. In accordance with its legal system since its inception, the
government has honored its debts and abided by the law. The United
States Constitution itself was in part the result of the need of certain states,
specifically New York, to pay back debts incurred during the Revolutionary
war. It also contains two specific clauses protecting contracts. This continuity
gives investors in dollars and treasury bills something exceptionally rare in
international transactions, over 200 years of trust.
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