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The IUP Journal of American Literature :
Rediscovering Lost Horizons: A Reading of Toni Morrison's Jazz
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Man has, at all times, been lured by the avidity to disentangle the conundrum of life's perpetual peregrination. This has ignited poets and novelists to discover something substantial in describable terms. Toni Morrison is one of such novelists, who, because of their deep understanding of human pathos, born of split identity and wounded psyche, record these experiences through fiction. The foundation of her much acclaimed novel, Jazz (1992), consists of universal concerns of humanity, focusing on the relevance of human existence in an indifferent universe. Existential thinking, which is liberally scattered in her work, is all set to discover the daintiness of human sensitivity. The remarkable feat of putting her protagonists vis-à-vis the dreary reality makes them react spontaneously without hinging onto any garb. The laceration of soul by the inside as well as the outside forces turns out plausibly with exquisite focus on details. The calm and poised lifestyle is brutally smashed to embark them upon a sojourn to get a vestige of their relation to this bigger reality. Rest is denied unless they tread on. This paper endeavors to rediscover the lost horizons in Jazz. Morrison delineates the issues of the protagonists so lucidly that the question of survival becomes vital. If there are no discords and disagreements in life, the subtleties of living become humdrum. The way Morrison's characters solve the intricacies of life speak volumes about their potentialities. Human life, which is so full of forward motion, may at times come across pulls and pressures. The vitality of life may often get frittered away, yet the human will never gives in, since the musicality of it, like jazz, has enough scope for improvisation. This may be felt when the human beings strive to rediscover the lost horizons and try to keep their houses in order. Morrison has been successful in making her readers realize this fact.

 
 
 

Toni Morrison is primarily an African-American novelist writing for the black women, whose color camouflages their bright souls in perpetual struggle. Critics consider her province as of black female experience. But her oeuvre is not devoid of the vital questions like class, community and color conflicts. She reacts vehemently against America's treatment of blacks in general and black women in particular. The novel, to her, is a framework for answering various challenges and bringing some solace to the African anguish. The African-American oppression and the exploitation of man by man has been a continuing theme in Morrison's novels. Most of her novels reverberate with her deep understanding of the African people and the wounds of their souls. With The Bluest Eye (1970), her first novel, Morrison adumbrates the agony and oppression that can strengthen individuals and the community to reach the state of ecstasy and esteem on the ladders of struggle. Her other works include Sula (1973), Song of Solomon (1977), Tar Baby (1981), Beloved (1987) and Jazz (1992). Her corpus deepens our understanding of the multi-cultural plurality of her voices.

Morrison's first novel, The Bluest Eye, is a beautiful delineation of her emphasis on racism. Sula reflects the author's focus on gender, taking in its stride her advocacy of woman's individual rights. Song of Solomon, which won the National Book Critics Circle Award, describes the exploitation of the African women by their male counterparts. The novel discusses at large the African-Americans' struggle to sustain their prosperity and integrity without risking their black identities. Racial pride and reputation color Morrison's Tar Baby. One finds in this novel an implicit hint on capitalism, which undeniably gives rise to racial and class-consciousness. Beloved, widely acclaimed as Morrison's masterpiece, won the famous Pulitzer prize in 1988. Morrison, in this novel, integrates all her ennui and envy, and puts an end to nausea by fomenting her furies. The novel is a queer blend of heroism and villainy and a consummation of the journey from confinement to manumission. Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993. She also received the National Book Foundation Medal for her highly distinguished contribution to American letters, Pearl S Buck Award in 1994, and the title of Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters in 1994. Various honorary degrees have also been conferred on Morrison by many reputed universities.

 
 
 

Toni Morrison's Jazz, Humanity, Human Sensitivity, Morrison Delineates, Protagonists, Morrison Adumbrates, Multi-cultural Plurality, Morrison's Tar Baby, Authorial Dominance, German critic, Atrocities, Callousness, Henry Lestroy's, Parochial Conditions.