Tangible assets like land, buildings and financial assets have always been regarded as the main source of business value. But in today’s world, a company’s value is not made up of its tangibles alone. The importance of intangibles like brand name, patents, technology and employees is being recognized in the market and this has led to a dramatic shift in the market value of some companies relative to their book value. Brand is rarely explicitly and adequately valued and it seldom appears on financial statements. The concept of brand equity has been the area of discussion in marketing literature (Farquhar, 1990). According to Keller (1990) and Ailawadi et al. (2003), a detailed knowledge of brand equity is helpful to the company, its stakeholders and customers. According to Agarwal and Rao (1996) and Keller and Lehmann (2006), if a company has a high brand equity, it is clearly reflected in the market share of the company. The value of the shareholders is also directly proportional to the value of the brand, i.e., its brand equity (Kerin and Sethuraman, 1998). As stated by Erdem and Swait (1998), customers also benefit by associating themselves with a strong brand as there is lower information search cost and lower perceived risk associated by investing in those brands which have a strong goodwill and brand strength. According to Keller (2008), established brands can command a price premium for their products and also there is lower price elasticity for their products, as the trust which the customers have in the brand acts as a deterrent against switching over to the competitor brands because of increase in price. Doyle (2008) studied the market to book ratio of four of the Fortune 500 companies. His study revealed that 75% of the assets of these four companies were intangible and were linked to what the customers perceived about these companies. Studies carried out by researchers revealed that since brand equity forms an important parameter to analyze the success of a brand, there should be periodical monitoring of the same so that the brand managers understand the reasons behind the success and failure of brands over a period of time (Sriram et al., 2007). Aaker and Joachimsthaler (2000) had also emphasized on the need to develop some framework to measure the tangible and intangible aspects of brand equity.
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