At present the financial emergencies and liberalization have been felt by one and all in the
global economy. The innovations in technology and new financial instruments instrumental
for the quick integration of domestic market with international markets has quickened the
transmission effect. The balance of payment crisis in 1991 gave rise to economic reforms in
India. After liberalization of the economy, the prices were allowed to be determined by the
market and the domestic financial markets got integrated with international financial
markets. After that period, several crises took place in the global economy, e.g., 1994 Mexican
currency crisis, 1997 Asian currency crisis, 1998 Russian crisis, 1999 Brazilian crisis, 2001
Argentine crisis, 2002 Turkish crisis, 2008 subprime financial crisis, and 2009 European debt
crisis, resulting in a large number of negative asset returns and high volatility in financial
markets. Financial crisis, by definition, refers to the problems associated with financial system
like failure of banking policies, dysfunctioning of markets, collapse of stock market, declining
asset prices, currency depreciation, sovereign defaults, etc. More specifically, each crisis is
characterized by certain typical features and thus demands to be studied in a different manner.
Financial crises have in general resulted in unexpected movements in the financial
instruments; therefore there is a need to study the crises from the perspective of price
movements or volatility.
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