The IUP Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Focus
Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is used widely in wireless communication. Various mathematical techniques are used to predict the performance parameters of the antenna. The paper, “Analysis and Modeling of Probe-Fed Rectangular DRA Using Artificial Neural Network”, by Sriparna Bhattacharya (Mitra) and Bhaskar Gupta, uses Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict the performance parameters for a given set of input parameters. Two ANN models are developed for DRAs operating at two different center frequencies and simulation is carried out using the software ANSYS. The outputs of the neural networks are also verified experimentally.
In VLSI circuits, the device dimensions are scaled down to accommodate more transistors. The scaling leads to various short channel effects. The multigate structures provide better immunity to short channel effects as compared to conventional MOSFETs. In the paper, “Modeling of Subthreshold Surface Potential for Short Channel Double Gate Dual Material Double Halo MOSFET”, by Debarati Das, Swapnadip De, Manash Chanda and Chandan Kumar Sarkar, a surface potential model for Double Gate Double Metal Double Halo (DGDMDH) MOSFET in the subthreshold regime is proposed. This structure provides excellent immunity to short channel effects as compared to conventional devices and hence can be used in low power VLSI circuits.
Multilevel inverters are very popular and have many applications in electric utility and for industrial drives. When these inverters are used for industrial drive directly, the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) contents in output voltage of inverters are very significant index as the performance of drive depends very much on the quality of voltage applied to drive. In the paper, “SPWM Techniques in Closed Loop Control of Five-Level Inverter Fed 3F Induction Motor”, the authors, M V Subramanyam and P V N Prasad, investigate the effect of carrier frequency variation on THD of output current using different Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) techniques using a model of induction motor fed by closed loop fuzzy logic controlled five-level Multilevel Inverter (MLI).
Microwave absorber is a device which absorbs incident radiations and disables all transmission and reflection at operating frequency. In the paper, “Ultrathin Narrowband Convoluted Square Frequency Selective Surface-Based Microwave Absorber”, the authors, Deepak Sood and C C Tripathi, present the design, fabrication and experimental characterization of an ultrathin, polarization insensitive and planar microwave absorber. The designed absorber results in efficient absorption of the incident microwave energy. The absorber demonstrates very good absorption rate and frequency stability for Transverse Electric (TE) and Transverse Magnetic (TM) polarizations.
The paper, “Two-Unit Plc System with Preventive/Corrective Maintenance and Repair”, by Manoj Duhan and Anil Dahiya, deals with the reliability of repairable system based on the Markov model. Two-unit Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) system is considered and various measures of system effectiveness such as Mean Time To Failure (MTTF), Mean Time to System Failure (MTSF) and busy periods of internal and expert repairman are evaluated.
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India
Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.
The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario
If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.
Indian Scenario
The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.
