Although luxury branding has become extremely important, it is a seriously underleveraged
area within the current brand management research (Uggla, 2014). In the 18th
century, sociological acceptance of luxury was enabled through the advent of liberalism
(Smith, 1776). Several trends, such as the division between luxury and morality (Hume,
1752), the emergence of the bourgeoisie after the Industrial Revolution, the increased
independence and emancipation of women, and the trend towards general democratization
(Kapferer and Bastien, 2009), converged to create an emergent market for luxury goods,
thus creating and reiterating a process of social stratification among customers and
segments in a market (Kapferer, 1991 and 1997; and Dubois and Paternault, 1995).
According to Keller (2009), luxury branding is in many ways one of the purest
examples of branding that exists within the realm of strategic marketing and “Luxury
brands are perhaps one of the purest examples of branding, as the brand and its image are
often key competitive advantages to create enormous value and wealth for organizations”
(Keller, 2009).
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