Deterrence focuses on making potential adversaries think twice about attacking, forcing them to consider the costs of doing so as well as the consequences that might come from a counterattack. There are two main principles of deterrence. The first, denial, involves convincing would-be attackers that they won’t succeed, at least without enormous effort and cost beyond what they are willing to invest. The second is punishment, making sure the adversaries know there will be a strong response that might inflict more harm than they are willing to bear. For decades, deterrence has effectively countered the threat of nuclear weapons. Can we achieve similar results against cyber weapons?
– Dorothy Denning (2016), Cybersecurity’s Next Phase: Cyber Deterrence
The term “faculty professional development” elicits excitement from a few. For
most, this term elicits some form of dread. Many have completed professional
development sessions or activities that felt as though they were thrown together for the sole purpose of serving as a ‘hoop’ to be jumped through, rather than for true learning experiences that encourage growth and improvement. Professionals are often called upon to develop and deliver effective professional development opportunities for staff and faculty who will engage students in online learning. However, the elements that set apart effective professional development from mediocre ‘hoops’ can elude us. E-learning had undergone a re-design and people were tasked with identifying or developing a set of standards one could use to evaluate and improve online courses, and to ensure that the instructors received the professional development opportunities that they need in order to excel in teaching online courses. Certifications that e-learning staff earned through quality matters allow the staff to offer professional development opportunities that focus on online pedagogy and general best practices for online course design and development. Though the start was good, it was found that people still need a way to personalize professional development sessions and target basic technology skills, which the faculty would need to master in order to be successful in an online classroom. It is found through various experiments that there are four essential elements that one may want to include in one’s professional development options.
Effective teaching strategies incorporate multiple methods of presentation and evaluation. Providing the experiences of students in multi-week online courses facilitated the faculty in using learning management system.
The faculty should use the recommended tools like use of institution’s syllabus template, home pages and getting started modules.
Be sure to incorporate the opportunity for mingling and networking in your professional development offerings. They encourage the faculty to reflect on their experiences and information gained from the course, and allow them to see ways that others in the course will begin to implement their new skills. Incorporate and cultivate active learning. Motivation is the key.
In the first paper, “Quantitative Modeling of Trust and Trust Management Protocols in Next-Generation Social Networks-Based Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks”, Yogesh Malhotra has attempted to understand how trust and trust management are being modeled for the next-generation wireless communication systems such as autonomous self-discovering, self-organizing and self-adaptive mobile ad hoc networks. The trust management protocol dynamically reconfigures the trust threshold to determine the nodes qualified for performing the mission.
Sunita Kushwaha and Sanjay Kumar, in their paper , “An Investigation of List Heuristic Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprocessor System”, have compared basic list scheduling algorithms, namely, LPT, SPT, ECT and EST, on the basis of performance parameter makespan in two different environments. The simulation results show that the makespan of LPT is better than that of other algorithms in both the environments.
Amit Tyagi, in his paper, “Artificial Intelligence: Boon or Bane?”, has covered the major domains of artificial intelligence where human life is significantly affected by it in both positive and negative ways.
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India
Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.
The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario
If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.
Indian Scenario
The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.
