The judgment of Allahabad High Court acquitting the parents of Aarushi in the double murder case and exposing the way the prosecution was conducted, poses many questions about the weaknesses of investigations. The lacuna in the investigations and in the collection of evidence forced the Court to acquit the alleged offenders. Even in the the expert evidence, the fine details of the body autopsy are missing. The prosecution was not able to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt and many questions remained unanswered. The Court also flayed the trial judge for his parochial approach. The benefit of doubt was given to the parents of Aarushi.
It is not the first case of its kind. Many opine that cases filed by the government investigating agencies are lost because of imperfect investigation and collection of evidence at the time and place of incidence or failing to use and place the evidence before courts. As a result, many innocent people are being placed in remand as undertrials on the one hand and real offenders are obviously getting acquitted on the other hand.
order to restore confidence in the investigating agencies, there is a need for examining the constraints, if any, that are coming in the way of effective investigations. The skillsets of investigation agencies, forensic procedures, and use of equipments and devices in evidence collection are perhaps to be further honed up, so that the real offenders are nailed down.
This present issue contains five papers. In the paper, “Invisible Kineticism in Visible Technology: A Brief Sketch on the Nexus Between Nanotechnology and Information Technology”, the author, Srinivas Borra, explains the use of nanotechnology in dealing with cyber law cases. Mohan R Bolla, in his paper, “The Doctrinaire Trident Testing Constitutionality of the Laws”, explains the sources of doctrines, more specifically, the constitutional validity of the doctrines in the legal arena. In the paper, “Dispute Settlement Activity Under WTO: Problems and Perspectives”, the author, Md. Adil, explains the process of dispute settlement of business transactions through the mechanism established under WTO. Meera Kumari Singh and Tabrez Ahmad, in their paper, “ILO and Its Impact on Labor Welfare Provisions in India”, appraise various welfare schemes and provisions provided to the labor. The paper, “Can a President Self-Pardon? – A Comparative Study Between the US and India”, by Priti, explores the provisions in the US and Indian constitutions relating to the pardon powers of the respective Presidents.
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India
Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.
The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario
If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.
Indian Scenario
The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.
