In today's techno-based banking, the ATM has become indispensible. To ensure that the services of bank are properly carried out, the socioeconomic characteristics of the customers have to be studied. This will enable banks to stay connected with the customers, especially in rural areas.

E-Commerce and E-Banking are the two buzzwords in today's global commercial activities. E-Banking or electronic banking refers to conducting banking activities with the help of information technology. Use of computers in the banks, in India was resisted by labor unions for fear of loss of job opportunities

Computerization requires technically-trained IT-savvy personnel and heavy capital outlay for the purchase of machines. For an effective computerization of the banks, bank branches which are situated in rural areas must be connected. Telecommunication facility in the rural areas is slow to reach. Because of all these reasons, computerization made a slow entry into Indian banks. An ATM is an unattended device of the bank used to dispense cash or receive it and to handle routine financial transactions over 24 hours a day. In India, HSBC Bank was the first bank to offer ATM facilities to its customers in 1987. The evolution from cash economy to house economy and onwards to plastic card economy can be witnessed in the introduction of ATMs.

An ATM's external appearance resembles a human weighing machine kept on railways or busstand platforms. These days, ATMs are securely placed inside the walls of bank's premises or elsewhere. While a weighing machine measures the weight of a person in kilograms, the ATM measures the bank balance of a person in rupees. In an ATM a person can insert a plastic card and get currency notes and bank balance statement. The current and savings bank account- holders of a bank having certain minimum balance are issued ATM cards. It is a plastic card having a magnetic chip with the account number of the person. When the card is inserted in the ATM, the machine's sensing equipment recognizes the account-holder and asks for his identification code number. Every account-holder is given a separate code number. The machine verifies the identification number on the ATM card with the secret number stored in the ATM. When the numbers tally the machine displays various options on the screen. This is done through a menu screen; the card-holder can transact almost all types of bank transactions through ATM card.

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