Design and realization of microstrip antennas in S-band at 2.4 GHz is reported in this research paper. It is shown that the design adopted for circular microstrip antenna is quite accurate. By using the conventional MIC fabrication technology compact light weight microstrip antenna can be realized. The desired narrow band achieved the circular microstrip antenna. Antennas are designed and fabricated on the substrate of dielectric constant 4.22 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Simulation is done using the microwave software to achieve the desired results. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the reader to the challenges of designing an antenna integrated into modern handset. It provides the reader with insight into all the details associated with handset antenna design and the type of measurements used to characterize handset antennas.

The increasing effort in miniaturization of mobile communication equipments has inspired the development of small, low profile antenna suitable for implementation in portable devices. Whereas in the past a single antenna element has been used for mobile transceivers, the desire to combat multi-path fading has led to the use of multiple elements arranged in a suitable diversity scheme. When more than one element is used, an important design consideration is the effect of mutual coupling on the antenna performance. Early handset treated the antenna as a bolt-on item, but the current trend is to integrate the antenna within the body of the handset. The handsets are becoming smaller or more functionality is being packing into these units. This leaves little room for the antenna.

These antenna types have been covered in numerous papers and books. For the reader not familiar with above antennas further reading is suggested (Wheeler, 1975; and Balanis, 2005). Conventional antenna theory uses an image technique to allow in infinite ground plane. This cannot be used for electrically small ground plane, as all the antennas mentioned above are effected to some extent by the electrically small ground plane, the use of a simulator is recommended to examine the current flow in the ground. The current distribution on the handset provides a useful insight into the positioning of co-axial feeds to the antenna and coupling into other assemblies on the handset.

The undergraduate antenna designer will start the antenna modeling by using a simple wire grid model of handset substrate ground. The current trend is to integrate the antennas within the handset for western market. This means antenna engineers must be familiar with the mechanics design. It is rare on modern handsets for the antenna designer to be given a space for exclusive items such as the loud speaker and its associated acoustic cavity, a camera or electrical connector. Not only can these items significantly reduce the volume available for the antenna but they normally degrade the performance of the antenna.

Telecommunications Journal, Handset Antenna Design, Computer Aided Design, Circular Microstrip Antenna, Mobile Communication Equipments, Electrical Connector, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites, Smart Weapon Systems, WIFI Applications, Mobile Communication Applications, Reverberation Boxes.