Published Online:June 2026
Product Name:The IUP Journal of Information Technology
Product Type:Article
Product Code:IJIT030626
DOI:10.71329/IUPJIT/2026.22.2.59-85
Author Name:Role of IoT in Transforming Healthcare: A Review of Early Detection, Real-Time Monitoring, and Data Security
Availability:YES
Subject/Domain:Engineering
Download Format:PDF
Pages:59-85
The paper systematically consolidates current knowledge on the application of Internet of Things ( IoT) in healthcare through a review of the peer-reviewed literature published between 2015 and 2025. The search was structured following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol, and was performed on IEEE Xplore, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar, resulting in a pool of 412 records, after removing duplicates, title-abstract screening and full-text eligibility assessment. The key thematic findings are ubiquitous deployment of IoT-enabled remote patient monitoring and wearable devices; AI-augmented predictive analytics for cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological conditions; multilayered Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) architectures covering perception, edge and cloud tiers; and persistent challenges in data security, device interoperability, regulatory compliance and rural deployment. The key research gaps identified are the absence of standardized IoMT frameworks, limited validation in real-world deployments outside controlled environments, and lack of integration of privacy-preserving architectures for resource-constrained environments. These results collectively emphasize the need for holistic, scalable, and ethically grounded IoT frameworks to support next-generation patient-centric digital healthcare.
The proliferation of wireless communication technologies, miniaturized sensor hardware, and ubiquitous Internet connectivity has catalyzed the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, in which physical objects are embedded with sensing, computing, and communication capabilities to exchange data autonomously over shared networks (Al-Fuqaha et al., 2015).