According to a recent survey in the US, children spend more time
watching television than they do anything else and children between ages of 6 and 14
watch about 25 hours of television per week and are exposed to 20,000 commercials in
a single year. Television advertisements stimulate wants in children and they
pester parents for advertised products (Leonhardt and Kerwin, 1997). Children in
the modern society have assumed larger roles in their homes and are involved in
the shopping and buying decisions. In the US, children under the age of 12 are
estimated to influence $130-670 bn in the family purchases (Schor, 2006) As children
are exposed to several advertisements, they acquire product-related information
which translates into increased purchase requests by them.
In India, too, Television has come up in a huge way and advertising is a huge
multimillion dollar industry that has an enormous impact on the development of
a child (Clay, 2000). Parents believe that there is change in the pattern and
behavior of children when they watch television advertisements. Television
advertisements have a negative impact on children
since whenever they come across an advertisement, they demand, nag
and pester their parents to purchase the advertised product. Refusal of such
requests often results in conflict and
deteriorates parents' relationship with their
children. They think that children need some kind of protection from
advertisements; otherwise advertisers will exploit
their credulity and loyalty (Sullivan, 2005). This is the reason many countries have
tried to control advertising through certain regulations. Norway has introduced a
total ban on television advertising directed at children. In Sweden,
television advertisements are banned for children under the age of 12 years. Australia
does not allow advertisements on television during programs for
pre-schoolers. Countries like Greece have proclaimed
a partial ban on advertising, prohibiting toy advertising between 7 am and 10 pm.
On the other hand, in countries like India marketers are increasingly
targeting children because they find children are
the only market segment that do not change their preferences rapidly and are easy
to influence through advertisements.
Television advertising offers product and brand-related ideas and information
to children that results in purchase request to parents (Sullivan, 2005). This
issueto what extent television advertisements are effective in
defining and changing the buying behavior of childrenis
worth investigating, and has motivated us to undertake this study. The section
after 'Introduction' presents a brief review of relevant literature. The section
thereafter describes the methodology of the study. Analysis and results are presented
next, followed by conclusion in the end. |