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High-Speed
Effects and Signal Integrity
-- Ramachandra
Achar
The
recent thrust towards high-speed, high-density and high-performance
VLSI designs has presented several new challenges for today's
circuit designers as well as CAD tool providers. At high speeds,
previously neglected effects of interconnects are increasingly
tending to impair the signals. This has warranted new measures
to preserve the integrity of signal propagation in high-speed
designs. This paper discusses the issues and the basic concepts
associated with the emerging field of signal integrity. It
also discusses various interconnect models to address signal
integrity and its associated simulation challenges.
©
2007 IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Review
of Commercial Biodiesel Production Technology
-- Pawan
Ghildiyal and Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Biodiesel
has proven to be the promising alternative fuel to fossil
petrofuels. It can be produced from a variety of feedstocks,
without depending on only one particular type of feedstock.
The paper gives an overview of biodiesel production process
and important plant equipment that form the core of the process.
A study on the various commercial companies manufacturing
and supplying various equipments for producing biodiesel has
been carried out. A comparative analysis of the equipment
available commercially, has been carried out for various parameters
like, power requirement and capacity. A plant layout of the
typical infrastructure and production facility has also been
given. This paper, therefore presents an insight to the set-up
of small to medium capacity biodiesel plants for the commercial
production of biodiesel.
©
2007 IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Analysis
and Design of Single-Phase Power-Factor Corrected AC-DC Flyback
Converter with High Frequency Isolation
-- Bhim
Singh and Mahima Agrawal
This
paper deals with the design and analysis of a single-phase
buck-boost AC-DC converter with power factor correction and
high frequency isolation based on flyback converter for both
discontinuous and continuous conduction modes (DCM and CCM)
of operation.A comparison of both modes of operation is presented
for 1kW power rating, taking into consideration the steady
state and dynamic behavior, power quality, control technique,
device rating and converter size. It is observed that CCM
is most suitable for higher power applications where it requires
little complex control and sensing of additional variables.
©
2007 IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Fiber
Bragg Grating-based Techniques for Simultaneous Measurement
of Temperature and Strain
-- Suchandan
Pal
This
paper describes two different schemes of fiber Bragg Grating-based
techniques for simultaneous measurement of temperature and
strain. In the first scheme, a single grating is fabricated
at the splicing joint of the different type of photosensitive
fibers resulting in a dual grating property with similar strain
coefficients and dissimilar temperature coefficients. The
conventional matrix inversion technique is used in this case
to discriminate the parameters. In order to widen the range
of measurement, in the second scheme, the measurement is demonstrated
by writing a grating with very high reflectivity in a 10 cm
long specially fabricated Sb-Er-Ge doped silica fiber. The
scheme exploits the grating sensitivity to both strain and
temperature in association with the temperature-dependent
peak power ratio of the two fluorescence peaks around 1535
nm and 1552 nm of the amplified spontaneous emission due to
4I13/2® 4I15/2
transition arising from the presence of Erbium ions in the
fiber core, using a 980 nm laser diode as a pumping source.
The sensor can be used for the simultaneous measurement of
strain and temperature over the wide ranges of 0-2000me and
20-600 oC, with root mean square errors of 36me
and 2.8 oC, respectively.
©
2007 IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Analysis
of Commercial Shop Heating Ovens
--P
Navaneethakrishnan, P S S Srinivasan and S Dhandapani
The
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of flow and temperature
distribution in heating ovens used in bakery shops, to keep
the foodstuffs warm, is attempted using the finite element
technique. The oven is modeled as a two-dimensional steady
state natural convection heat transfer problem. The effects
of a number of heaters and total input power on temperature
uniformity of foodstuffs are studied. The heaters are located
at the bottom with different number of coils (one, two and
three) and different input power (500 W, 600 W, 800 W and
1000 W) are analyzed. Placing two coils with input power 800
W at the bottom of the oven improves the uniform heating of
foodstuffs than the ovens with one and three coils. The analysis
shows that if heaters are located at the bottom along with
additional flow guidance arrangements, energy-efficient oven
configuration can be obtained.
©
2007 IUP . All Rights Reserved.
Reliability
Optimization of a Series System by Employing Active Redundancy:
A Novel Heuristic Algorithm
-- V
Dakshina Murty, T Rama Subba Reddy and S V Jayaram Kumar
The
reliability of a series system is inherently low. One of the
methods employed to improve the reliability is to employ active
redundancy. To maximize the system reliability without violating
the constraints on the resources, the addition of redundant
units should be cost-effective. The current highest value
of the stage selection factor, which takes the cost (resource
consumption) indirectly, is taken as the basis to determine
the stage where the addition of the next redundant unit would
be highly cost-effective. Illustrative examples are provided
and the success rate of the algorithm is found to be high.
©
2007 IUP . All Rights Reserved.
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