Training and development is vital for every organization to cope with changes from time to time. It helps to hone skills, develop versatility and adaptability. Having a well-designed approach towards training and development is very important for every organization. This article suggests a holistic approach to it.

In an increasingly competitive world it is essential for an organization to be flexible, innovative and adaptive. This necessitates a clear definition of roles and responsibilities of the employees. Training and development is extremely critical in ensuring this clarity of roles and responsibilities. One of the lacunae with most training programs is the lack of measures to judge their effectiveness. Post training effectiveness is a critical area of concern. It is a critical area of concern for Indian organizations. Globalization, exposure to international competition and technology intensive manufacturing has radically altered the rules of the game. Merely placing employees in jobs does not ensure their success. More often than not, it is the lack of role clarity, i.e., a mismatch between employees' and employers' perception on employee role which comes in the way of goal congruence. In the absence of continuous effective learning systems in an organization there are chances of goal incongruence. This may lead to organizational conflict, which has an adverse impact on the performance of an organization.

Training is essential to increase the skill level, improve the versatility and enhance adaptability of employees. According to Kelleher, a noted authority in Human Resource Development (HRD), an organization which accords high priority to training and development of its employees and views training as a vital component in the realization of business plans, is an organization that has committed itself to human resource management. Commitment to training can be used as an acid test to determine the soundness of the human resource management policies of the organization. A sausage manufacturing company in US computes a part of an employee's pay by the quantum of new things she/he learns.

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