Supply chain management came into existence primarily to achieve efficiency
in operations. The changing dynamics of the market and customer preferences
warrant quicker response and elaborate customization. At the strategic level, efficient
resource and time allocation have been critical for most business operations, and having
an efficient supply chain can secure competitive advantages to achieve growth.
Therefore, supply chain optimization is essential for most managers, where supply chain is seen
as an inherent constituent for suppliers, distributors and customers.
Bloomberg et al. (2002) state, "A chain reach extends only as far as its links stay connected. Its strength
depends on the strength of each link; no chain is stronger than its weakest
link."
Modern managers have now realized that being efficient in operations is akin
to achieving the hygiene factor of business. To create a base for competitive advantage
and growth, it is essential to achieve a higher-order factor effectiveness. Moreover, the
value provided to the end customer lies not only in the end offering, but in the chain of
the offering itself, starting from sourcing to operations, retail and after sales service.
Supply chain covers all the activities that form a bridge between the raw material
(and the movement of material) and the consumer. As outlined earlier, in the past
the primary objective of most supply chain manager was to optimize the activities of
the supply chain and thus create value for the customers. Value chain is actually built
on the primary objective of supply chain, and takes it further by not only focusing on
adding value to each activity, but also by, withdrawing activities that do not add value to
the end customer, thereby freeing resources that can be further utilized in
a more efficient manner. Value chain also focuses on the linkages and synergies of primary and
support activities that create the base for competitive advantage and growth. Hence, to
understand the growth of an industry group in competitive terms, a study of value chain seems
more appropriate than the supply chain. |