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Finance
Management
The IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development

Dec'14
Articles

The Economic Impact of Microcredit Disbursed Through SHGs: A Study in Purulia District, West Bengal

--Aniruddha Das and Tarit Kumar Datta

Microcredit is defined as a provision of thrift, credit and other financial services, and loans of very small amount to the weaker section of the society at affordable cost. It is the key variable that can lead to the rise in the standard of living of the poor families if the credit amount is used in income-generating activities. In India, microcredit is mostly disbursed through group lending, i.e., Self-Help Groups (SHGs). This paper attempts to examine the economic impact of the microcredit by analyzing the primary data obtained through a structured interview with 116 members of the SHGs in Block 2 of Purulia district of West Bengal, India as well as the secondary data. It was observed that microcredit has an affirmative impact on the average income, which in turn also influences the savings. It was also observed that receipt of the microcredit by the rural poor reduces their dependence on the local moneylenders. Thus, the study concludes that microcredit is an efficient program for enhancing financial inclusion and in addition opens up self-employment opportunities by facilitating different productive activities.

© 2014 IUP. All Rights Reserved.

The Impact of Microfinance Programs Through SHGs on Women Entrepreneurs in Odisha

--Navin Kumar Rajpal and Sharmila Tamang

The concept of rural development has attracted the attention of economists and policy makers as the only means of removing multidimensional problems like poverty, unemployment and social backwardness in rural areas. Women empowerment has been the central theme of all development programs introduced by the Government of India towards rural development, but the effectiveness of all these programs is not impressive. The success of microcredit program and the formation of Grameen Bank of Bangladesh led to a new hope towards eradication of poverty and improvement in socioeconomic life of rural poor through entrepreneurship development. The present paper attempts to show the impact of microfinance program through Self-Help Groups (SHGs) on the growth of tribal women entrepreneurs in Jashipur Block located in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. Further, special attention has been given to the working of Women SHGs (WSHGs) by identifying the activities undertaken by them, change in income, and problems faced in operation of their microenterprises.

© 2014 IUP. All Rights Reserved.

The Impact of Jasmine Cultivation as a Microentrepreneurial Activity on SHGs: A Study in Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka

--Vishal Pinto and P N Udayachandra

Microentrepreneurial activities are small business initiatives undertaken either as a main source of income or an additional source of income to the family. In India, there are many Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) and Non-Governmental Organizatons (NGOs) that promote microentrepreneurial activities among the Self-Help Groups (SHGs). Shree Kshetra Dharmasthala Rural Development Project (SKDRDP) is one such MFI that has been promoting various microentrepreneurial activities in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka in order to alleviate the extreme poverty in the rural areas. Out of many microentrepreneurial activities, jasmine cultivation is a prominent one which is undertaken by a majority of SHG members throughout Karnataka. The present study attempts to analyze the role of jasmine cultivation as a microentrepreneurial activity in enhancing income and providing employment opportunities to the SHG members by considering the case of SKDRDP. Data was collected through multistage cluster sampling method aided by a questionnaire and analyzed through statistical tests like chi-square, Z-test and correlation test. Based on the findings, suggestions are provided for further improvement.

© 2014 IUP. All Rights Reserved.

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Automated Teller Machines (ATMs): The Changing Face of Banking in India

Bank Management
Information and communication technology has changed the way in which banks provide services to its customers. These days the customers are able to perform their routine banking transactions without even entering the bank premises. ATM is one such development in recent years, which provides remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the development of this self-service banking in India based on the secondary data.

The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is playing a very important role in the progress and advancement in almost all walks of life. The deregulated environment has provided an opportunity to restructure the means and methods of delivery of services in many areas, including the banking sector. The ICT has been a focused issue in the past two decades in Indian banking. In fact, ICTs are enabling the banks to change the way in which they are functioning. Improved customer service has become very important for the very survival and growth of banking sector in the reforms era. The technological advancements, deregulations, and intense competition due to the entry of private sector and foreign banks have altered the face of banking from one of mere intermediation to one of provider of quick, efficient and customer-friendly services. With the introduction and adoption of ICT in the banking sector, the customers are fast moving away from the traditional branch banking system to the convenient and comfort of virtual banking. The most important virtual banking services are phone banking, mobile banking, Internet banking and ATM banking. These electronic channels have enhanced the delivery of banking services accurately and efficiently to the customers. The ATMs are an important part of a bank’s alternative channel to reach the customers, to showcase products and services and to create brand awareness. This is reflected in the increase in the number of ATMs all over the world. ATM is one of the most widely used remote banking services all over the world, including India. This paper analyzes the growth of ATMs of different bank groups in India.
International Scenario

If ATMs are largely available over geographically dispersed areas, the benefit from using an ATM will increase as customers will be able to access their bank accounts from any geographic location. This would imply that the value of an ATM network increases with the number of available ATM locations, and the value of a bank network to a customer will be determined in part by the final network size of the banking system. The statistical information on the growth of branches and ATM network in select countries.

Indian Scenario

The financial services industry in India has witnessed a phenomenal growth, diversification and specialization since the initiation of financial sector reforms in 1991. Greater customer orientation is the only way to retain customer loyalty and withstand competition in the liberalized world. In a market-driven strategy of development, customer preference is of paramount importance in any economy. Gone are the days when customers used to come to the doorsteps of banks. Now the banks are required to chase the customers; only those banks which are customercentric and extremely focused on the needs of their clients can succeed in their business today.

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